Solar street lights are a popular and eco-friendly alternative to conventional street lights. They use solar energy to power LED lamps at night, saving electricity and reducing carbon emissions. But how do solar street lights work? What is the role of the Solar Street Light controller in the system? In this article, we will explain the working principle of solar street light controller and its functions. What is a Solar Street Light Controller?
A solar street light controller is a device that regulates the charging and discharging of the battery in a solar street light system. It is also responsible for controlling the lighting mode and timing of the LED lamp. The solar street light controller is usually installed inside a waterproof box along with the battery and the LED driver. The solar street light controller can be divided into two types: PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). PWM controllers are more common and cheaper, but they have lower efficiency and can cause power loss. MPPT controllers are more advanced and expensive, but they can track the optimal voltage and current of the solar panel and increase the charging efficiency by up to 30%. How Does a Solar Street Light Controller Work?
The working principle of solar street light controller is based on the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic effect is the phenomenon that certain materials can generate electric current when exposed to light. Solar panels are made of such materials, and they can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The solar street light controller works in the following steps:
During the day, the solar panel absorbs sunlight and converts it into direct current (DC) electricity. The solar street light controller detects the voltage and current of the solar panel and sends the electricity to the battery for charging. The controller also prevents the battery from overcharging by cutting off the charging circuit when the battery is full. During the night, the solar panel stops producing electricity and the voltage drops below a certain level. The solar street light controller senses the change and switches on the LED lamp. The controller also regulates the brightness and duration of the LED lamp according to the preset mode and time. The controller also protects the battery from overdischarging by cutting off the discharging circuit when the battery is low. The next day, the cycle repeats.
What are the Functions of a Solar Street Light Controller?
The solar street light controller has several functions that ensure the optimal performance and longevity of the solar street light system. Some of the main functions are: Charge and discharge management:
The controller monitors the voltage and current of the solar panel and the battery and adjusts the charging and discharging parameters accordingly. The controller also prevents overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, which can damage the battery and reduce its lifespan.
Light control:
The controller detects the ambient light level and switches on or off the LED lamp automatically. The controller can also adjust the brightness of the LED lamp according to the different seasons, weather, and traffic conditions.
Time control:
The controller can set the lighting time and duration of the LED lamp according to the specific needs of the users. The controller can also set different lighting modes for different periods of the night, such as full brightness, half brightness, or dimming mode.
Temperature compensation:
The controller can compensate for the temperature variation of the battery and the solar panel and modify the charging and discharging parameters accordingly. The controller can also prevent the battery from overheating or freezing, which can affect its performance and lifespan.
Lightning protection:
The controller can protect the solar street light system from lightning strikes and power surges, which can damage the components and cause fire hazards.
Reverse polarity protection:
The controller can prevent the reverse connection of the solar panel and the battery, which can cause short circuits and damage the components.
Conclusion
The solar street light controller is an essential part of the solar street light system. It controls the charging and discharging of the battery and the lighting mode and timing of the LED lamp. It also provides various protection functions for the solar street light system. The working principle of solar street light controller is based on the photovoltaic effect, which converts solar energy into electrical energy. By using a solar street light controller, we can save electricity, reduce carbon emissions, and enjoy a bright and safe night. If you need to purchase lamps in bulk, please contact us.WOSEN is a professional manufacturer and supplier of Led Flood Light, Led Street Light, Led Solar Light, etc. For more information, please visit https://www.wosenled.com/ or contact admin@wosenled.com or WhatsApp +86-13425434349
