\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639\u061f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n <style>\n @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Roboto+Slab:wght@400;600&display=swap');\n\n .bd-post {\n --prose-width: 720px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-compact: 16px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n \/* Light palette *\/\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-bg: #272B4A;\n --accent: #1863DC;\n --accent-dark: #0056A7;\n --orange: #ED7020;\n --orange-dark: #D4651C;\n --orange-text: #C55D10;\n --card-fill: #F0F5FD;\n --card-border: #D6DCF0;\n --warn-fill: #FFF7F0;\n --warn-border: #F0D0B0;\n --heading: #212121;\n --text: #6B6B6B;\n --text-muted: #545270;\n --text-inverse: #FFFFFF;\n --text-inverse-muted: #A0A8C0;\n --text-accent: #0056A7;\n --text-accent-light: #6BA3F0;\n --table-th-bg: #F0F5FD;\n --table-border: #DFE1EB;\n --blockquote-bar: #1863DC;\n --code-bg: #F4F4F4;\n --hr-color: #DFE1EB;\n --shadow-card: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\n --shadow-lift: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\n color: var(--text);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n .bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word; color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 2px; }\n .bd-post a:hover { color: var(--accent-dark); }\n .bd-post p, .bd-post li { overflow-wrap: break-word; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article { max-width: var(--prose-width); margin: 0 auto; }\n\n \/* Prose spacing \u2014 FIXED STANDARD *\/\n .bd-post p { margin: 0 0 1em; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 36px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading); margin: 0 0 16px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading); margin: 48px 0 16px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading); margin: 32px 0 12px; }\n .bd-post h4 { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading); margin: 24px 0 8px; }\n .bd-post ul, .bd-post ol { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; }\n .bd-post li { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }\n .bd-post strong { font-weight: 700; }\n .bd-post em { font-style: italic; }\n .bd-post blockquote { border-left: 3px solid var(--blockquote-bar); padding: 16px 24px; margin: 24px 0; color: var(--text-muted); font-style: italic; background: transparent; }\n .bd-post code { background: var(--code-bg); font-family: Menlo, Monaco, monospace; font-size: 0.9em; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 4px; }\n .bd-post hr { height: 1px; background: var(--hr-color); border: none; margin: 32px 0; }\n\n \/* Tables *\/\n .bd-post .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1em 0; }\n .bd-post table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px; }\n .bd-post th { background: var(--table-th-bg); padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; font-weight: 600; color: var(--heading); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--table-border); }\n .bd-post td { padding: 10px 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--table-border); color: var(--text); vertical-align: top; }\n .bd-post td strong { color: var(--heading); }\n\n \/* Box-sizing catch-all \u2014 safe resets only *\/\n .bd-post [class*=\"bp-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n .bd-post [class*=\"rich-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\n \/* BP outer margins \u2014 specific classes only *\/\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-1-relay { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-2-haitz { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-3-purple { margin: var(--gap-attach) 0 var(--gap-normal); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-4-checklist { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-cta-mid { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-cta-end { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-1: Relay Flow ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);\n padding: var(--pad-compact);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: stretch;\n gap: 0;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-step {\n flex: 1;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n align-items: center;\n text-align: center;\n gap: 6px;\n padding: 4px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-num {\n width: 24px; height: 24px;\n background: var(--accent);\n color: var(--text-inverse);\n font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif;\n font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px;\n border-radius: 50%;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-name { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; color: var(--heading); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-year { font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-muted); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-desc { font-weight: 400; font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.5; max-width: 140px; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow {\n flex: 0 0 auto;\n height: 24px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n color: var(--accent);\n padding: 0 2px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-2: Haitz Stat Card ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-right: 2px solid var(--accent);\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 24px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-2-icon { flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--accent); display: flex; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-icon svg { width: 32px; height: 32px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-stats { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-num { font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 36px; color: var(--text-accent); line-height: 1.1; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-label { font-weight: 400; font-size: 15px; color: var(--heading); }\n .bd-post .bp-2-source { font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-muted); }\n\n \/* ===== BP-3: Purple Streetlight Warning ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-3-purple {\n background: var(--warn-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--warn-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--orange);\n padding: var(--pad-compact);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n gap: 12px;\n align-items: flex-start;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-3-icon { flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--orange); display: flex; margin-top: 2px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-icon svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-tag { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; color: #A04000; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.03em; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-text { font-weight: 400; font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.6; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-4: 4-Question Checklist ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-4-checklist {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n gap: 16px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-4-item { display: flex; gap: 14px; align-items: flex-start; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-num {\n width: 28px; height: 28px;\n background: var(--accent);\n color: var(--text-inverse);\n font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif;\n font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px;\n border-radius: 50%;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n margin-top: 1px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-4-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-q { font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; color: var(--heading); }\n .bd-post .bp-4-a { font-weight: 400; font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.5; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-cta-mid ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n gap: 20px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-text { font-weight: 400; font-size: 15px; color: var(--heading); max-width: 65%; line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n background: var(--accent);\n color: var(--text-inverse);\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\n font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px;\n padding: 12px 24px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n text-decoration: none;\n white-space: nowrap;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-dark); color: var(--text-inverse); }\n\n \/* ===== BP-cta-end (solid-fill Inverse) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end {\n background: var(--inverse-bg);\n padding: 40px 32px;\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n align-items: center;\n text-align: center;\n gap: 16px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-icon { color: var(--orange); display: flex; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-icon svg { width: 28px; height: 28px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-weight: 600; font-size: 22px; color: var(--text-inverse); line-height: 1.3; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-sub { font-weight: 400; font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-inverse-muted); max-width: 480px; line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 6px;\n background: var(--text-inverse);\n color: var(--accent-dark);\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\n font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px;\n padding: 14px 32px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n text-decoration: none;\n margin-top: 4px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { background: var(--card-fill); color: var(--accent-dark); }\n\n \/* Rich elements *\/\n .bd-post .rich-table { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .rich-table table { font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post .rich-table th { font-size: 13px; }\n\n \/* ===== SANCTIONED MOTION ===== *\/\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--text-accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay,\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz,\n .bd-post .bp-3-purple,\n .bd-post .bp-4-checklist,\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-3-purple:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-4-checklist:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lift); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out, text-decoration-color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn,\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(24,99,220,0.3); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(237,112,32,0.4); }\n }\n\n \n \/* ===== MOBILE (\u2264768px) ===== *\/\n @media (max-width: 768px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 24px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 22px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 19px; margin-top: 24px; }\n \/* BP-1: vertical stack, rotate arrows *\/\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-step { flex-direction: row; text-align: left; gap: 10px; padding: 6px 0; align-items: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-desc { max-width: none; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow { height: auto; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow svg { transform: rotate(90deg); }\n \/* BP-2: stack *\/\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-num { font-size: 28px; }\n \/* BP-cta-mid: stack *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-text { max-width: 100%; }\n \/* BP-cta-end: tighten *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end { padding: 32px 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-size: 20px; }\n \/* Tables *\/\n .bd-post table { font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post th, .bd-post td { padding: 8px 10px; }\n }\n <\/style>\n <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n<div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <p>\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c 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\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 ADC12 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u00bb. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u00ab\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u00bb (ARPANET) \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0641\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0641\u00bb (Vint Cerf) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u2014 \u0623\u0648\u0644 2000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/h2>\n <p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 <em>lanternarius<\/em> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1000 \u0645\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1417\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1667\u060c \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 2,700 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u0630\u062a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1697\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n <p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1792. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1802\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u00ab\u0633\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a 4 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1807\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u00bb \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1816\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1820.<\/p>\n <p>\u0648\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1853 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/h2>\n <p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1875 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1880\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n \n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table>\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n <th>\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641<\/strong> (\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627)<\/td>\n <td>1875<\/td>\n <td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a \u2014 \u00ab\u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641\u00bb<\/td>\n <td>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u00ab\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u00bb. \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1881\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 4,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627: <em>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0641. \u0628\u0631\u0634<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>1879<\/td>\n <td>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a + \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648<\/td>\n <td>\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u2014 12 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 4,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0634\u00bb \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 3,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>1879<\/td>\n <td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c (\u0630\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a 3 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1879. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>1880<\/td>\n <td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a + \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n <td>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647: \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n \n <p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-1-relay\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">1<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u0628\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1875<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">2<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0641. \u0628\u0631\u0634<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1879<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u2014 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">3<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1879<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">4<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1880<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n <p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 <em>\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 <em>\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/em>.<\/p>\n <p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 750 \u06482,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637:<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a)<\/strong>: 25\u201340 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 HPS (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a)<\/strong>: 55\u201365 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 32,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0643\u00bb.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631.<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 150 \u0648165 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 3,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a 122 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 21 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 31 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1895\u060c <strong>17 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u2014 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/h2>\n <p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627<\/h3>\n <p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u00bb\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n \n <div class=\"rich-table\">\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table>\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 (\u0644\u0645\/\u0648\u0627\u0637)<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a)<\/th>\n <th>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 (CRI)<\/th>\n <th>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c<\/td>\n <td>10\u201317<\/td>\n <td>750\u20132,000<\/td>\n <td>100<\/td>\n <td>\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n <td>25\u201340<\/td>\n <td>14,000\u201320,000<\/td>\n <td>80<\/td>\n <td>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>HPS<\/td>\n <td>55\u201365<\/td>\n <td>24,000\u201332,000<\/td>\n <td>40<\/td>\n <td>5\u201310 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n <td>35\u201350<\/td>\n <td>10,000\u201315,000<\/td>\n <td>60\u201390<\/td>\n <td>2\u20135 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>65\u2013150+<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>50,000\u2013100,000+<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>70\u201390<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621: \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0621 LED \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 LED \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 20 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u064b\u0627 (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitz%27s_Law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632<\/a>). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 <em>\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/em> \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n <p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 120 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 56 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 1,400 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 7,000 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 $200,000 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=History_of_street_lighting_in_the_United_States&diff=cur&oldid=1089444228\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/a>).<\/p>\n <p>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 300 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 150 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1962\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d LED \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-2-haitz\">\n <div class=\"bp-2-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polyline points=\"22 7 13.5 15.5 8.5 10.5 2 17\"\/><polyline points=\"16 7 22 7 22 13\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-2-stats\">\n <div class=\"bp-2-num\">10\u00d7 \u064820\u00d7<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-2-label\">\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-2-source\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2000<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <h3>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n <p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u00bb.<\/p>\n <p>\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 2 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 5 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012\u20132013\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f TALQ \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 MPPT\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 365 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0637\u063a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-cta-mid\">\n <div class=\"bp-cta-mid-text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a 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\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0635\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 SMT\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IP65\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n \n <h3>\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u00ab\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb \u2014 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645<\/h3>\n <p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2024 \u06482025\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 30 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n <p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631<\/strong>: \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u00ab\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a\u00bb (AEL)\u060c \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.core77.com\/posts\/137338\/Why-Americas-Streetlights-Have-Been-Turning-Purple\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Core77\u060c \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb<\/a>).<\/p>\n <p>\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 100,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639: \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 LED\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f LED \u0628\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631.<\/p>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-3-purple\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-3-body\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-tag\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-3-text\">\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a: \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u061f \u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 LED\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 100,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u2014 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n <p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 ADC12\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 LED \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 CREE \u0648Osram \u0648Philips \u0648Nichia\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 LM80 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 SMT (\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 18 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 92% \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d LED. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 IP65 \u0623\u0648 IP66\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d (48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 1,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n <p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n <ol>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong> CE\u060c UL\u060c ETL\u060c SAA\u060c ENEC\u060c TUV. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 LED \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f<\/strong> \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u00bb \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a CREE \u0623\u0648 Osram \u0623\u0648 Philips \u0623\u0648 Nichia \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 LM80. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Meanwell \u0623\u0648 Inventronics \u0623\u0648 Philips. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u06487 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (SMT)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-4-checklist\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">1<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">CE\u060c UL\u060c ETL\u060c SAA\u060c ENEC\u060c TUV. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">2<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 LED \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u2014 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">\u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 CREE \u0648Osram \u0648Philips \u0648Nichia\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Meanwell \u0648Inventronics \u0648Philips. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">3<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u06487 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">4<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (SMT)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 WosenLED\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 CREE \u0648Osram \u0648Philips \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Meanwell \u0623\u0648 Inventronics. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640 8 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u06487 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a 88 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n \n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n <ol>\n <li>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. \u00ab\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=History_of_street_lighting_in_the_United_States&diff=cur&oldid=1089444228\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitz%27s_Law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Core77. \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb. \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.core77.com\/posts\/137338\/Why-Americas-Streetlights-Have-Been-Turning-Purple\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>WosenLED. \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/outdoor-lights\/led-street-lights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>WosenLED. \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/div>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-cta-end\">\n <div class=\"bp-cta-end-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polygon points=\"13 2 3 14 12 14 11 22 21 10 12 10 13 2\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-cta-end-title\">\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-cta-end-sub\">30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. 8 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a 88 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/div>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"flex-shrink:0\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u061f \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00bb (TCO). \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Who Invented the Street Light? The 2,000-Year Evolution from Oil Lamps to Smart LEDs","_seopress_titles_desc":"Who invented the street light? Discover its 2,000-year evolution from oil lamps to Edison, and how WosenLED engineers today's smart LED infrastructure.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mml-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9707"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9707\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":9707,"date":"2026-07-03T09:46:19","date_gmt":"2026-07-03T09:46:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/?p=9707"},"modified":"2026-07-15T02:02:48","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T02:02:48","slug":"who-invented-the-street-light","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/who-invented-the-street-light\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639\u061f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n \n \n \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639\u061f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n <style>\n @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Roboto+Slab:wght@400;600&display=swap');\n\n .bd-post {\n --prose-width: 720px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-compact: 16px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n \/* Light palette *\/\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-bg: #272B4A;\n --accent: #1863DC;\n --accent-dark: #0056A7;\n --orange: #ED7020;\n --orange-dark: #D4651C;\n --orange-text: #C55D10;\n --card-fill: #F0F5FD;\n --card-border: #D6DCF0;\n --warn-fill: #FFF7F0;\n --warn-border: #F0D0B0;\n --heading: #212121;\n --text: #6B6B6B;\n --text-muted: #545270;\n --text-inverse: #FFFFFF;\n --text-inverse-muted: #A0A8C0;\n --text-accent: #0056A7;\n --text-accent-light: #6BA3F0;\n --table-th-bg: #F0F5FD;\n --table-border: #DFE1EB;\n --blockquote-bar: #1863DC;\n --code-bg: #F4F4F4;\n --hr-color: #DFE1EB;\n --shadow-card: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\n --shadow-lift: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\n color: var(--text);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n .bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word; color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 2px; }\n .bd-post a:hover { color: var(--accent-dark); }\n .bd-post p, .bd-post li { overflow-wrap: break-word; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article { max-width: var(--prose-width); margin: 0 auto; }\n\n \/* Prose spacing \u2014 FIXED STANDARD *\/\n .bd-post p { margin: 0 0 1em; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 36px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading); margin: 0 0 16px; 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border: none; margin: 32px 0; }\n\n \/* Tables *\/\n .bd-post .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1em 0; }\n .bd-post table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px; }\n .bd-post th { background: var(--table-th-bg); padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; font-weight: 600; color: var(--heading); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--table-border); }\n .bd-post td { padding: 10px 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--table-border); color: var(--text); vertical-align: top; }\n .bd-post td strong { color: var(--heading); }\n\n \/* Box-sizing catch-all \u2014 safe resets only *\/\n .bd-post [class*=\"bp-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n .bd-post [class*=\"rich-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\n \/* BP outer margins \u2014 specific classes only *\/\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-1-relay { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-2-haitz { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-3-purple { margin: var(--gap-attach) 0 var(--gap-normal); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-4-checklist { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-cta-mid { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-cta-end { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-1: Relay Flow ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);\n padding: var(--pad-compact);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: stretch;\n gap: 0;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-step {\n flex: 1;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n align-items: center;\n text-align: center;\n gap: 6px;\n padding: 4px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-num {\n width: 24px; height: 24px;\n background: var(--accent);\n color: var(--text-inverse);\n font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif;\n font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px;\n border-radius: 50%;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-name { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; color: var(--heading); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-year { font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-muted); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-desc { font-weight: 400; font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.5; max-width: 140px; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow {\n flex: 0 0 auto;\n height: 24px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n color: var(--accent);\n padding: 0 2px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-2: Haitz Stat Card ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-right: 2px solid var(--accent);\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 24px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-2-icon { flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--accent); display: flex; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-icon svg { width: 32px; height: 32px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-stats { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-num { font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 36px; color: var(--text-accent); line-height: 1.1; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-label { font-weight: 400; font-size: 15px; color: var(--heading); }\n .bd-post .bp-2-source { font-weight: 400; font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-muted); }\n\n \/* ===== BP-3: Purple Streetlight Warning ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-3-purple {\n background: var(--warn-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--warn-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--orange);\n padding: var(--pad-compact);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n gap: 12px;\n align-items: flex-start;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-3-icon { flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--orange); display: flex; margin-top: 2px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-icon svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-tag { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; color: #A04000; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.03em; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-text { font-weight: 400; font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.6; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-4: 4-Question Checklist ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-4-checklist {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n gap: 16px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-4-item { display: flex; gap: 14px; align-items: flex-start; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-num {\n width: 28px; height: 28px;\n background: var(--accent);\n color: var(--text-inverse);\n font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif;\n font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px;\n border-radius: 50%;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n margin-top: 1px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-4-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-q { font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; color: var(--heading); }\n .bd-post .bp-4-a { font-weight: 400; font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.5; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-cta-mid ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n gap: 20px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-text { font-weight: 400; font-size: 15px; color: var(--heading); max-width: 65%; line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n background: var(--accent);\n color: var(--text-inverse);\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\n font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px;\n padding: 12px 24px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n text-decoration: none;\n white-space: nowrap;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-dark); color: var(--text-inverse); }\n\n \/* ===== BP-cta-end (solid-fill Inverse) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end {\n background: var(--inverse-bg);\n padding: 40px 32px;\n border-radius: 8px;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n align-items: center;\n text-align: center;\n gap: 16px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-icon { color: var(--orange); display: flex; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-icon svg { width: 28px; height: 28px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-weight: 600; font-size: 22px; color: var(--text-inverse); line-height: 1.3; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-sub { font-weight: 400; font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-inverse-muted); max-width: 480px; line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 6px;\n background: var(--text-inverse);\n color: var(--accent-dark);\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\n font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px;\n padding: 14px 32px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n text-decoration: none;\n margin-top: 4px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { background: var(--card-fill); color: var(--accent-dark); }\n\n \/* Rich elements *\/\n .bd-post .rich-table { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .rich-table table { font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post .rich-table th { font-size: 13px; }\n\n \/* ===== SANCTIONED MOTION ===== *\/\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--text-accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay,\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz,\n .bd-post .bp-3-purple,\n .bd-post .bp-4-checklist,\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-3-purple:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-4-checklist:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lift); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out, text-decoration-color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn,\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(24,99,220,0.3); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(237,112,32,0.4); }\n }\n\n \n \/* ===== MOBILE (\u2264768px) ===== *\/\n @media (max-width: 768px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 24px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 22px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 19px; margin-top: 24px; }\n \/* BP-1: vertical stack, rotate arrows *\/\n .bd-post .bp-1-relay { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-step { flex-direction: row; text-align: left; gap: 10px; padding: 6px 0; align-items: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-desc { max-width: none; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow { height: auto; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-arrow svg { transform: rotate(90deg); }\n \/* BP-2: stack *\/\n .bd-post .bp-2-haitz { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-num { font-size: 28px; }\n \/* BP-cta-mid: stack *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-text { max-width: 100%; }\n \/* BP-cta-end: tighten *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end { padding: 32px 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-size: 20px; }\n \/* Tables *\/\n .bd-post table { font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post th, .bd-post td { padding: 8px 10px; }\n }\n <\/style>\n <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n<div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <p>\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00bb 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 ADC12 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u2014 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <hr>\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634 \u2014 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/h2>\n <p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0646 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\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1853 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/h2>\n <p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1875 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1880\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n \n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table>\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n <th>\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641<\/strong> (\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627)<\/td>\n <td>1875<\/td>\n <td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a \u2014 \u00ab\u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641\u00bb<\/td>\n <td>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u00ab\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u00bb. \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1881\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 4,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627: <em>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0641. \u0628\u0631\u0634<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>1879<\/td>\n <td>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a + \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648<\/td>\n <td>\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u2014 12 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 4,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0634\u00bb \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 3,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>1879<\/td>\n <td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c (\u0630\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a 3 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1879. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n <td>1880<\/td>\n <td>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a + \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n <td>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647: \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n \n <p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-1-relay\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">1<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u0628\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0641<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1875<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">2<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0641. \u0628\u0631\u0634<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1879<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u2014 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">3<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1879<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-num\">4<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-name\">\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-year\">1880<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n <p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 <em>\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/em>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 <em>\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/em>.<\/p>\n <p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 750 \u06482,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637:<\/p>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a)<\/strong>: 25\u201340 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 HPS (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a)<\/strong>: 55\u201365 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 32,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0643\u00bb.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631.<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 150 \u0648165 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 3,000 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a 122 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 21 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 31 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1895\u060c <strong>17 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u2014 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/h2>\n <p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627<\/h3>\n <p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u00bb\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n \n <div class=\"rich-table\">\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table>\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 (\u0644\u0645\/\u0648\u0627\u0637)<\/th>\n <th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a)<\/th>\n <th>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 (CRI)<\/th>\n <th>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c<\/td>\n <td>10\u201317<\/td>\n <td>750\u20132,000<\/td>\n <td>100<\/td>\n <td>\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n <td>25\u201340<\/td>\n <td>14,000\u201320,000<\/td>\n <td>80<\/td>\n <td>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>HPS<\/td>\n <td>55\u201365<\/td>\n <td>24,000\u201332,000<\/td>\n <td>40<\/td>\n <td>5\u201310 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td>\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n <td>35\u201350<\/td>\n <td>10,000\u201315,000<\/td>\n <td>60\u201390<\/td>\n <td>2\u20135 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>65\u2013150+<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>50,000\u2013100,000+<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>70\u201390<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d HPS\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621: \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0621 LED \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 LED \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 20 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u064b\u0627 (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitz%27s_Law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632<\/a>). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 <em>\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/em> \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n <p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 120 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 56 \u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 1,400 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 7,000 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 $200,000 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=History_of_street_lighting_in_the_United_States&diff=cur&oldid=1089444228\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/a>).<\/p>\n <p>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 300 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 150 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1962\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d LED \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-2-haitz\">\n <div class=\"bp-2-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polyline points=\"22 7 13.5 15.5 8.5 10.5 2 17\"\/><polyline points=\"16 7 22 7 22 13\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-2-stats\">\n <div class=\"bp-2-num\">10\u00d7 \u064820\u00d7<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-2-label\">\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-2-source\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2000<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <h3>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n <p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u00bb.<\/p>\n <p>\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 2 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 5 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012\u20132013\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f TALQ \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 MPPT\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 365 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n <p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0637\u063a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-cta-mid\">\n <div class=\"bp-cta-mid-text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/div>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-mid-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"bd-reveal\">\n <h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n <p>\u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629: \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0640 <em>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/em>. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 <em>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/em>.<\/p>\n <p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062e \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0635\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 SMT\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IP65\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n \n <h3>\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u00ab\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb \u2014 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645<\/h3>\n <p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2024 \u06482025\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 30 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n <p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631<\/strong>: \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u00ab\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a\u00bb (AEL)\u060c \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.core77.com\/posts\/137338\/Why-Americas-Streetlights-Have-Been-Turning-Purple\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Core77\u060c \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb<\/a>).<\/p>\n <p>\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 100,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639: \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 LED\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f LED \u0628\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631.<\/p>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-3-purple\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-3-body\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-tag\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-3-text\">\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a: \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u061f \u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 LED\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 100,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u2014 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n <p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 ADC12\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 LED \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 CREE \u0648Osram \u0648Philips \u0648Nichia\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 LM80 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 SMT (\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 18 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 92% \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d LED. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 IP65 \u0623\u0648 IP66\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d (48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 1,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n <p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 LED\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n <ol>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong> CE\u060c UL\u060c ETL\u060c SAA\u060c ENEC\u060c TUV. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 LED \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f<\/strong> \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u00bb \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a CREE \u0623\u0648 Osram \u0623\u0648 Philips \u0623\u0648 Nichia \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 LM80. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Meanwell \u0623\u0648 Inventronics \u0623\u0648 Philips. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u06487 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (SMT)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-4-checklist\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">1<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">CE\u060c UL\u060c ETL\u060c SAA\u060c ENEC\u060c TUV. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">2<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 LED \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u2014 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">\u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 CREE \u0648Osram \u0648Philips \u0648Nichia\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Meanwell \u0648Inventronics \u0648Philips. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">3<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u06487 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-num\">4<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n <div class=\"bp-4-q\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u061f<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-4-a\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (SMT)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 WosenLED\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 CREE \u0648Osram \u0648Philips \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Meanwell \u0623\u0648 Inventronics. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640 8 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u06487 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a 88 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n \n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n <ol>\n <li>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. \u00ab\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=History_of_street_lighting_in_the_United_States&diff=cur&oldid=1089444228\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0632\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitz%27s_Law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Core77. \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb. \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.core77.com\/posts\/137338\/Why-Americas-Streetlights-Have-Been-Turning-Purple\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>WosenLED. \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/outdoor-lights\/led-street-lights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <li>WosenLED. \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/div>\n \n \n <div class=\"bp-cta-end\">\n <div class=\"bp-cta-end-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polygon points=\"13 2 3 14 12 14 11 22 21 10 12 10 13 2\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-cta-end-title\">\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 LED \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-cta-end-sub\">30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. 8 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a 88 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/div>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"flex-shrink:0\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u061f \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d LED \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a 2,000 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00bb (TCO). \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Who Invented the Street Light? The 2,000-Year Evolution from Oil Lamps to Smart LEDs","_seopress_titles_desc":"Who invented the street light? Discover its 2,000-year evolution from oil lamps to Edison, and how WosenLED engineers today's smart LED infrastructure.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mml-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9707"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9707\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wosenled.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}